Review of trials currently testing treatment and prevention of COVID-19.

P. C. Fragkou, D. Belhadi, N. Peiffer-Smadja, C. D. Moschopoulos, F. X. Lescure, H. Janocha, E. Karofylakis, Y. Yazdanpanah, F. Mentré, C. Skevaki, C. Laouénan, S. Tsiodras

10.1016/j.cmi.2020.05.019

Review curated

Abstract

Background: As COVID-19 cases continue to rise globally, evidence from large randomized controlled trials is still lacking. Currently, numerous trials testing potential treatment and preventative options are being undertaken all over the world. Objectives: We summarized all registered clinical trials examining treatment and prevention options for COVID-19. Additionally, we evaluated the quality of the retrieved studies. Data sources: Clinicaltrials.gov, the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and the European Union Clinical Trials Register were systematically searched. Study eligibility criteria: Registered clinical trials examining treatment and/or prevention options for COVID-19 were included. No language, country or study design restrictions were applied. We excluded withdrawn or cancelled studies and trials not reporting therapeutic or preventative strategies for COVID-19. Participants and interventions: No restrictions in terms of participants' age and medical background or type of intervention were enforced. Methods: The registries were searched using the term 'coronavirus' or 'COVID-19' from their inception until 26 March 2020. Additional manual search of the registries was also performed. Eligible studies were summarized and tabulated. Interventional trials were methodologically analysed, excluding expanded access studies and trials testing traditional Chinese medicine. Results: In total, 309 trials evaluating therapeutic management options, 23 studies assessing preventive strategies and three studies examining both were retrieved. Finally, 214 studies were methodologically reviewed. Interventional treatment studies were mostly randomized (n = 150/198, 76%) and open label (n = 73/198, 37%) with a median number of planned inclusions of 90 (interquartile range 40-200). Major categories of interventions that are currently being investigated are discussed. Conclusions: Numerous clinical trials have been registered since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Summarized data on these trials will assist physicians and researchers to promote patient care and guide future research efforts for COVID-19 pandemic containment. Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Antivirals; COVID-19; Clinical trials; Immunomodulators; Novel coronavirus; Pneumonia; Prevention; SARS-CoV-2; Treatment.

Source: PubMed

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Name	Synonyms	Genes
Adalimumab
Ixekizumab
Eculizumab
Fingolimod	Fingolimodum
Bevacizumab	Anti-VEGF Humanized Monoclonal Antibody, Anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, bevacizumab-awwb, rhuMAb-VEGF
Thymalfasin	Thymosin a1, Thymosin alpha 1
IFN-alpha	interferon alpha, IFNα
IFN-beta	interferon beta, IFNβ
Sarilumab	REGN88, SAR153191
Jakotinib	Jaktinib, Jaktinib hydrochloride
Ruxolitinib	Jakafi
Thalidomide	N-Phthaloylglutamimide, alpha-N-Phthalylglutaramide, (+-)-N-(2,6-dioxo-3-Piperidyl)phthalimide
Emtricitabine & Tenofovir
Tocilizumab	Atlizumab
Leflunomide
Ribavirin	RBV, 1-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide, 1-beta-D-Ribofuranosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide
TMC-310911	ASC09, ASC-09
Umifenovir	arbidol
Azithromycin	homoerythromycin A, Azithramycine, Azithromycin (TN), Azasite (TN), Azithromycin (INN)
Chloroquine
Danoprevir
Remdesivir
Colchicine
Darunavir
Favipiravir	favilavir, Avifavir
Camostat	Camostat mesylate, Camostat mesilate, FOY-305
Hydroxychloroquine	HCQ, Oxichlorochine, Oxichloroquine
Baricitinib
Lopinavir